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M. ulcerans is a slow-growing mycobacterium that classically infects the skin and subcutaneous tissues, giving rise to indolent ulcers. After tuberculosis and leprosy, Buruli ulcer is the third most common mycobacterial infection of immunocompetent humans.

Atypical Mycobacterial Diseases - Investigators have defined 30 facultative saprophytes and entities that are acid-fast mycobacteria but do not cause tuberculosis or leprosy. These mycobacteria or atypical mycobacteria (ATM) exist in almost all habitats. The most common infection is the so-called case of fish tank granuloma, which is caused by Mycobacterium marinum. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare is the most common etiology of systemic disease in humans. Other types of mycobacteria have been discussed in different eMedicine articles (see Mycobacterium Fortuitum, Mycobacterium Gordonae, ...

Buruli Ulcer - Buruli ulcer is a chronic, indolent, necrotizing disease of the skin due to Mycobacterium ulcerans. It manifests initially as firm, nontender, subcutaneous nodules 1-2 cm in diameter at the sites of penetrating skin trauma. Within the next 1-2 months, these areas become fluctuant, followed by the formation of a painless, undermined ulceration. Ulcerations can be extensive, involving as much as 15% of the patientís skin surface (see Image 1). The infection may destroy nerves, appendages, and blood ...

Mycobacterium Kansasii - Mycobacterium kansasii is an acid-fast bacillus (AFB) that can be recognized readily by its photochromogenicity. In 1953, Buhler and Pollack first described the bacterium. They isolated mycobacteria that produced a yellow pigment on exposure to light. Under light microscopy, its appearance is relatively long, thick, and cross-barred.The most common manifestation of M kansasii infection is a chronic pulmonary disease similar to pulmonary tuberculosis. It may also manifest as an infection of other organs. Incidence has increased with ...

Mycobacterium Marinum Infection of the Skin - Infection with Mycobacterium marinum, although unusual, could be encountered by any general practitioner, and it should be considered in patients who handle fish or swim in freshwater or saltwater. The organism characteristically produces 2 types of cutaneous lesions in people: a solitary indolent granuloma and an ascending lymphangitic type bearing a strong resemblance to sporotrichosis. Disseminated disease is uncommon and typically occurs in hosts who are immunocompromised. ...

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